📄 Category

cardiovascular medicine

131 papers

Cardiovascular medicine focuses on the heart and blood vessels, exploring how to prevent, diagnose, and treat conditions that affect our circulation. This vital field ranges from understanding high blood pressure and heart failure to investigating the latest breakthroughs in surgical techniques and lifestyle interventions. Because these discoveries directly impact public health, staying informed about emerging research is more important than ever for both specialists and curious readers.

At Gist.Science, we process every new preprint in this category as it appears on medRxiv, ensuring you have immediate access to the latest findings before they undergo formal peer review. For each study, we provide both a plain-language explanation to clarify the core concepts and a detailed technical summary for those seeking deeper scientific context. Below are the latest papers in cardiovascular medicine, organized to help you navigate the most recent developments shaping the future of heart health.

📄 cardiovascular medicine

Understanding unexpected results from randomized clini{square}cal trials Does coffee reduce atrial fibrillation recurrences?

This paper demonstrates that applying supplemental frequentist and Bayesian analyses to a randomized controlled trial on coffee and atrial fibrillation reveals that while the original findings were statistically significant, they likely suffer from type M error and offer only modest probabilities of clinically meaningful benefit, thereby highlighting the importance of robustness checks for unexpected trial results.

Brophy, J. M.2026-04-17
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Deteriorated mechanics of left ventricular diastolic filling one year after coronary artery bypass grafting

One year after coronary artery bypass grafting, patients exhibit a consistent deterioration in the mechanical properties of left ventricular diastolic filling, including increased myocardial stiffness and damping, despite preserved ejection fraction.

Norderfeldt, J., Sundqvist, M. G., Maret, E., Löfström, U., Corbascio, M., Hage, C., Ekström, M., Wallen, H., Lynga (…)2026-04-13
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Corrective Re-analysis of the Alirocumab ODYSSEY Outcomes Trial Suggests the Clinical Importance of Lipoprotein(a) Remain Substantially Underestimated

This paper argues that the cardiovascular benefits of alirocumab in the ODYSSEY Outcomes trial are primarily driven by lipoprotein(a) reduction rather than LDL-C lowering, suggesting that the clinical importance of Lp(a) is underestimated and that future Lp(a)-targeted therapies could achieve unprecedented reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events.

HONG, H.2026-04-13
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Sympathetic Innervation Modulates Ventricular Repolarization and Arrhythmia Vulnerability After Myocardial Infarction

This study demonstrates that sympathetic modulation via the stellate ganglia dynamically reshapes ventricular arrhythmic vulnerability in chronic post-infarcted substrates by inducing regionally heterogeneous repolarization changes, a mechanism effectively captured by the RVI metric even when conventional stimulation-based inducibility remains unchanged.

Villar-Valero, J., Nebot, L., Soto-Iglesias, D., Falasconi, G., Berruezo, A., Boukens, B. J. D., Trenor, B., Gomez, J. F (…)2026-04-11
📄 cardiovascular medicine

CTA versus TOF-MRA for circle of Willis segmentation: Implications for hemodynamic modelling

This study demonstrates that time-of-flight MRA segmentations, when optimized with signal intensity thresholding against CTA references, yield comparable Circle of Willis morphology and hemodynamic modeling results, supporting their use as a non-invasive alternative to CTA for cerebral perfusion pressure simulations.

Vikström, A., Zarrinkoob, L., Johannesdottir, M., Wahlin, A., Hellström, J., Appelblad, M., Holmlund, P.2026-04-11
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Causal Machine Learning for Comparative Effectiveness of GLP-1 RA versus SGLT2i in Heart Failure Using Real-World EHR Data

Using causal machine learning on real-world electronic health records, this study found that GLP-1 receptor agonists are associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality or heart failure hospitalization compared to SGLT2 inhibitors in heart failure patients, though evidence for individualized treatment selection remains limited.

Han, G. Y., Kalogeropoulos, A. P., Butzin-Dozier, Z., Wong, R., Wang, F.2026-04-07
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Association between sleep quality and left ventricular structure in the Southall and Brent REvisited (SABRE) tri-ethnic study

In the tri-ethnic SABRE study, poor sleep quality was significantly associated with increased left ventricular mass in South Asian and African/African-Caribbean participants, but not in Europeans, suggesting ethnic-specific links between sleep and cardiovascular structural changes.

Ghei, E., Chaturvedi, N., Park, C. M., Hughes, A., Garfield, V.2026-04-07
📄 cardiovascular medicine

Papillary muscles, ventricular loading, and atrial remodelling as beat-to-beat determinants of functional mitral regurgitation: an exploratory Granger causality study

This exploratory Granger causality study demonstrates that beat-to-beat functional mitral regurgitation is driven by heterogeneous, subtype-specific temporal dynamics, where ventricular loading dominates short-term prediction in ventricular cases while atrial volume and papillary muscle interactions govern longer-term patterns in atrial cases.

Eotvos, C. A., Avram, T., Blendea, E. D., Munteanu, M. I., Bubuianu, A. F., Moldovan, M. P., Hedesiu, P., Lazar, R. D. (…)2026-04-05